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Ruben Cobos, recorder, 1974

 File — Box: 4, CD: 353

Scope and Content

From the Collection: The collection consists of 591 recordings of folk songs, folklore and local histories collected by Ruben Cobos from 1944-1974 in northern New Mexico and southern Colorado. Also included in the collection are about 270 additional recordings of selected music - a few from New Mexico, many from Mexico and Latin America, and others from Spain, Europe and the U.S. The recordings vary in quality between good, fair, and poor. They contain both musical and spoken content. Most recordings are in Spanish, however, a few are in English. Others are Bilingual or represent the use of Spanglish.

The informants are mainly from New Mexico and Colorado, with a few from California, Texas and Mexico. The collections focuses heavily on spoken Spanish, with examples of poetry, riddles, proverbs, legends, anecdotes, folk tales, mysteries, prayers, nursery rhymes, games, jokes, language use, tricky words, tongue twisters, memories, local history and family history. The Spanish songs include alabados, entriegas for weddings and baptisms, inditas, corridos and ballads, pastores, posadas, love songs, folk dance music, etc. Traditions of Los Juanes and Los Manueles, Penitente morada practices, including women Penitentes, Holy Week songs and activities and the role of the church, santos and fiestas in the lives of the people are also included. There are also several lectures on folklore, music and culture by Cobos and other scholars, including Fray Angelico Chavez, Charles Briggs, Alfonso Ortiz, Arthur Leon Campa, Marta Weigle, Guadalupe Baca Vaughn, Anita Thomas and others. Included also are autobiographical accounts by Ruben Cobos and his wife Elvira.

Songs and stories about and for children, their health and education are included. Although the majority of the information is about Spanish and Hispanic traditions, the collection also provides some materials by and about non-Hispanics and the relationship between the races. A small amount of stories and songs relate to Apaches, Navajos, Pueblos, Mexicanos, African Americans, and Anglos (gringos).

Songs and stories by or about males show them in every walk of life, as rich and poor, old and young, as husbands, widowers, fathers, sons, relatives, compadres, friends, orphans, opponents, collaborators, kings, princes, commoners, giants, ranchers, cowboys, shepherds, farmers, woodcutters, shoemakers, vendors, railroaders, hunters, priests, doctors, teachers, politicians, attorneys, meteorologists, soldiers, witches, simpletons, gamblers, murderers, drunks, adulturers and thieves.

Recordings by and about women add value and perspective to the collection. Females are rich and poor, old and young, girl friends, lovers, adulteresses, wives, widows, mothers, comadres, church attendees, housekeepers for priests, nuns, princesses, queens, teachers, curanderas, cooks and witches. Some of the characters found in the collection are Cinderella, Genoveva de Brabanate, Goldilocks, Delgadina, La Llorona, Doña Cebolla, Dona Fortuna and the Virgin Mary, as well as San Antonio, San Pedro, Bartoldo, Don Cacahuate, Juan Charrasqueado, Pedro and Juan de Urdemalas, Ali Baba, Don Dinero, Tio Botitas and others.

The collection contains descriptions, traditions, local history and songs for New Mexico, Colorado, Texas, Missouri, Kansas and Mexico. There are references to the Civil War in New Mexico, the Spanish American War, World War I and World War II. Stories tell of superstitions, supernatural, unexplained phenomenon, balls of fire and light, lightening, a comet, the sun, moon, finding treasure, ghosts, devils and magic. Additional topics include traditional food and cooking, health and home remedies. Included also are stories and references to insects, animals, birds, fish and snakes, as well as floods and storms, and automobiles and airplanes.

Dates

  • 1974

Language of Materials

From the Collection: English, Spanish

Access Restrictions

The collection is open for research.

Extent

From the Collection: 13 boxes (12.25 cu. ft.)

General

Ruben Cobos. Begins at 00:01 and ends at 3:02. Introduction of Charles Briggs (good recording, Charles, aka Chucky, Chuck, from Albuquerque, NM. Dr. Cobos discusses how Briggs learned Spanish by going to live in Cordova, New Mexico and studying Spanish in college, Briggs is John Donald Robb's grandson, pupil. The topic of the talk is What is a modern day Santo? Talk begins at 3:07 and ends at 36:15. Local traditions (fair recording, speaker presents his paper on modern day santo, challenges definitions and ideas about folk art, Spanish folk art, religion, who was the traditional santero of the last century and who is his replacement now? Jose Dolores Lopez, a family of carvers, wood carving, Don Cacahuate, traditional santeros, E. Boyd, Mitch Wilder, George Mills. Santeros did not leave documentary records of their work, often did not sign their pieces, discusses traditional functions of the images of the saints, Rafael Aragon, Chihuahua trail, villagers sometimes pitched in together to purchase pieces or prints for their groups, two asthetic levels among the santos based on modern western art, the santeros were very responsive to their community's needs and wants, functional, the saints and their images were integrated and differentiated by the various social roles in Hispanic villages, sosias de la sagrada familia, Benito Cordova, Hija de Maria, Los Penitentes, images and functions of the saints, santero art, function of present day santo and santero, contemporary roles, contemporary Hispanic culture, religious folk art, popular culture has propelled an erroneous definition and popular belief of santos as pieces of wood rendered through knife and palet into resembling a particular saint, the speaker asserts that santos are holy, saintly, or blessed, discussion of criteria for defining a santo, George Lopez, Nazario Lopez, Museum of Colorado Springs, tells the life story of Jose Dolores Lopez, he began carving to deal with his grief for having lost his son to the war, santero is one who produces articles destined for religious purposes, World War I, relojeras, armarios, Jose Dolores Lopez often gave his art work as gifts, Frank Applegate, Mary Austin began the Santa Fe Annual Fiesta revival in 1919, Lopez was self taught, he did not copy images, de pura mente, from his imagination, symbolic realism, his perspective of a scene, the Great Depression, in 1937, Jose Dolores Lopez passsed away but left behind him a family tradition of wood carving, Cristolbal Ortiz stated in order to carve the saints, you have to know the cuts and we got these as a family, part of religion and faith, Silvianita Ortiz, the niece of Jose Dolores Lopez, Eva Salazar, statue of Saint Peter, San Pedro, carvings cannot be santos until they are blessed, caring for the santos required that the earthly parents care for the santo, the selling of santos is called simony and is a sin, contemporary santeros do not enter the public view often).

Creator

Repository Details

Part of the UNM Center for Southwest Research & Special Collections Repository

Contact:
University of New Mexico Center for Southwest Research & Special Collections
University Libraries, MSC05 3020
1 University of New Mexico
Albuquerque NM 87131
505-277-6451