Historia, 1529–1807
Series
Scope and Contents
New Spain - among the themes - residencia, Hernan Cortes, Pedro Alvarado. Coahuila, Nuevo Leon, 1703, encomiendas, excesses of officials, mistreatment of Indians. Coahuila, administration, cabildo, presidios, missions, census of mission Indians, 1727. Francisco Cuervo y Valdez, Gov. of Coahuila. Coahuila, Apaches - Mescalero Apaches, 1763, 1783. Nueva Galicia, Sonora, 1700s, government, officials, missions, Indian attacks, presidios, conditions. Sinaloa, Sonora, history, visit to Tepehuanes, Tarahumares, 1725, Fray Juan de Guendulayn. Sonora, 1764, description, geography, administration, conditions, missions. Indians, society, detailed in letters of 1769, Bishop Pedro de Tamaron, Durango. Aid to New Mexico refugee colonies at El Paso, 1680s, 1690s for northern provinces. Gold boom in Sonora, Sinaloa, 1776, Indian attacks. Sinaloa, 1769 lands to Indians, rivers of Sinaloa, Fuerte, Mayo, Hiaqui, Jose de Galvez, visitador, Sonora, 1744. Nueva Vizcaya, Zacatecas, missions, conditions, mid 1700s. Report on Jesuit work in missions, 1740s-50s. Durango, education. Nueva Vizcaya, Junta de los Rios, 1729-1749, expeditions, diaries of José de Berroterán, Juan Bautista de Leysaola, Joseph de Vargas, Fermín de Vidaurre, pueblos, settlements, presidios, missions, Rio Grande and Conchos Rivers. Indian allies, desertions. Indian attacks, detailed.
Discovery of Monterrey, California, from New Mexico via Colorado River, Gila River. Fray Francisco Garces, San Xavier, 1765. Juan Bautista de Anza, 1768, Cerro Prieto, Seris, Pimas. Sonora, Arizona, California, 1775, 1776, 1782, trip to west coast, founding San Francisco. Diary of Fray Pedro Font about California settlers. Sonora, 1782, Pedro Fages, Yuma Revolt, Pictic, casualties. Provincias Internas created, 1792, comandante independent of the viceroy, in Chihuaha, Pedro de Nava. California, Nuevo Leon y Santander pertain to viceroy. Pedro Rivera, trip 1724-29, 1736 diary published in Guatemala, inspection, conditions, recommendations presidios, detailed, northern New Spain, including New Mexico. New regulations for presidios, 1773, Croix, LaFora, Rubi, Provincias Internas, 1795. Plan for 33 Indian nations from the North America who want to settle in Spanish territory, plans for relocation, treaty with the United States, American colonies. Indian barbaros, prisoners of war from Provincias Internas sent to Havana, Cuba. Guaymas, reports, diaries, 1769-1770, Jose Antonio Vildosola, Juan Manuel Roman, Diego Peirán. Map, 1792, Sierra Gorda, coast, Queretaro to Bahia del Espiritu Santo.
Jesuit papers, 1681-1759, 51 cases across New Spain, some letters from Europe, causes against, discipline, withdrawals, dismissals, expulsions, in Spanish, some in Latin, individuals are name, reason for leaving the religious order, personal problems, lack of vocation, scandalous conduct, seeing women, desire to marry, health, anxiety, insanity, desire to transfer to another college, place, assignment, problems of teachers with students, insults, problems cause near suicide; a study of Europeans - peninsulares and criolles, differences between them as religious, clergy; Jesuits, 1693-1700s, reports, land discovered by the Jesuitas, martyrs, soldier escorts, Sonora, missions. Juan Mateo Manje. Juan Domingo Xironza Petriz de Cruzate.
Other - Negro slaves, 1704, French Guinea Company, permit bring in slaves from Minas y Cabo Verde, to Peru, New Spain, previously prohibited. Negro slaves, 1731, English company supplying slaves to New Spain.
Places - New Spain, Mexico - Arispe, Arizona, Campeche, Carrizal, Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guaymas, Horcacitas, Jalisco, Junta de los Rios, Monclova, Nueva Extremadura, Nueva Galicia, Nueva Vizcaya, Nuevas Filipinas, Nuevo Leon, Nuevo Santander, Nuevo Toledo, Parral, Pictic, Queretaro, San Xavier, Saltillo, Sierra Gorda, Sinaloa, Sombrerete, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas. Provincias Internas, Colorado River, Gila River.
Caribbean, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico - Cuba, Caribbean warning, 1699, French armada plan establish business in Jamaica, Bermuda, Barbados, San Cristobal, possible attach on Islands. Cuba, Havana, defense, English, Dutch, 1703, contraband. Denmark, Santo Tomas island, 1721. Cuba, 1780-90, defense, English, supplies to Florida, Louisiana, etc. 1798-99, Indian barbaros prisoners of war from Provincias Internas sent to Havana.
New Mexico - among the themes - report, Fray Jeronimo de Salmeron, 1538-1625, conditions missions, colony; Virrey, 1635, propose a Bishop for New Mexico. Letters, Santa Fe 1638, Francisco Gomez about padres attempting to control the colony, mistreating Spanish and Indians, and Apache attacks, Governor Luis Rosas, Quivira. Apache attacks on New Mexico, 1653. Inquisition, inquiries, cases in which the Inquisition exercised jurisdiction in New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana and Florida, 1661-1807. Gov. Diego de Peñalosa, 1678, exiled by Inquisition, in Paris, France, proposed to England an expedition to Quivira.
Pueblo Revolt, causes, plan, leaders of the revolt are named, Pope, Zaca, Tagu, Francisco, Alonso Catiti, Luis Tupatu, Pedro de Naranjo, shamans. Pueblos participating named, not all took part; rebel Indians killed other Indians if did not participate in the revolt, fear among the Indians; testimony of Indians about events. Indians burned churches because Spanish burned their kivas, attacked their religion, persistence of idolatry, devil, kivas, kachinas, etc; Spanish investigations of the revolt causes. Indians destroyed churches to bring a better life and good harvests. Spaniards - who Indians said caused the revolt - hatred for Francisco Xavier, Luis de Quintana, Diego Lopez de Zambrano - for destroying kivas and these accused men’s defenses of themselves. Indians also noted causes of rebellions prior to 1680, punishments of Indians, etc. Pueblo attacks on Spanish haciendas, estancias, churches, death of padres and citizens, capture of some women, children and mulatos, Negro. Spanish find the ruins, human remains, sacred objects. Pueblo’s planned ambushes of Spanish. Siege of Santa Fe, actions of Governor Otermin, cabildo, retreat from Santa Fe. Lt. Gen. Alonso de Garcia, gathering of Spanish in Rio Abajo, Isleta, Piros. Indian rebels planned ambush at Isleta for helping Spanish. Isleta, rebels surround village, plan to attack Isleta, kill elderly, sell women and children to Apaches. Spanish peaceful treatment and protection of Isleta - example to other villages to make peace. Movement of refugee settlers to El Paso, cabildo, testimony of Spaniards about events, determination to return to New Mexico after revolt, conditions, suffering, weather, other factors. Nicolas de Vargas, Negro, in administration of Gov. Otermin, made proclamations, 1681. Fray Francisco de Ayeta, aid to colonists, supplies, reports on revolt, casualties, conditions in New Mexico; carretas, carros, troops, arms, horse, cattle for New Mexico, El Paso - place for colonists, conditions, presidio troops help New Mexico, supplies from other provinces, expeditions to New Mexico. Raid by Sumas, Apaches, resettling Sumas in a mission, establishing Isleta, Socorro, etc. Apache stealing cattle from Spanish, El Paso, Isleta del Sur, 1682. Apaches, allied with Pueblos; while Pueblos away, Apaches raided and burned some Pueblo villages; fear of Apaches helped Pueblos decide to accept return of Spanish, who would defend them. Pope had ordered Pueblos to leave the villages, destroy all Spanish things, animals, crops, had left them homeless and hungry. Spanish destroyed some Indian villages, supplies, to force Pueblos to surrender; Spanish post-revolt visits to New Mexico, events, conditions, pueblos, peace efforts, Spanish forgiving, pardon of the Pueblos. Pueblos, use of smoke signals, fires, during revolt era. Impact of revolt on Pueblos, lost harvests, grain, suffering, case of San Ildefonso, 1694.
Juan Dominguez de Mendoza, 1683-1684, report on trip to Texas at request of Texas Indians, no Texan historian had mentioned trip, only Padre Alonso de Posada of New Mexico. Report, Fray Antonio de Posada, 1686, Quivira, Teguayo, Cibola, Great Plains. R report of Toribio de la Huerta, 1689, conquistador of New Mexico, Sonora, Sinaloa, Gran Quivira, view of conditions, return to New Mexico, azogue, Sierra Azul, Hopi, Zuni, Huerta’s request resettle New Mexico, with title Marquesado of lands from El Paso to Taos. Views of Hopi area, almagre, azogue mines, vermillion, 1691, Sierra Azul, iron mine, Hopi, use of azogue as paint and medicine for eyes in winter. De Vargas - at El Paso, questions of tribute, encomiendas for New Mexico, 1692 gathers supplies and men from Nueva Vizcaya, Parral, their names, gathers Indian allies from El Paso area, for the entrada. Re-occupation of New Mexico, actions, diary of De Vargas 1692-1693, events from time left El Paso to arrival in Santa Fe. Conditions, suffering of New Mexico refugees, 1693 census of the settlers for New Mexico at El Paso, lists of settlers going to New Mexico, 1693, 1694. De Vargas to returning settlers, 15 regulations, requirements for the resettlement, return to New Mexico. Return to Santa Fe, resettlement, Santa Fe cabildo asked for aid for widows and sick. Pueblos, some Indians were allies of the Spanish, assisted them in the reoccupation, wrote, spoke Spanish. Supplies for New Mexico from Zacatecas, Parral, Durango, Somberete, cloths, tools, iron, equipment, corn, cattle, medicine, lead, shot, powder, money. Conditions, 1694, suffering. Supplies from provinces of Northern Mexico for colony. Pecos Pueblo, 1694, special privileges to Pecos Indians from Viceroy, for loyalty, merits, helping the padres and Spanish in the recovery of New Mexico. De Vargas, 1695, long report on establishing new towns, Santa Cruz. Apaches, 1695, and French, on the Great Plains, Apaches near Picuris; Apache attacks in New Mexico, Pueblos, Spanish, 1696.
Report on presidios, Santa Fe, El Paso, names and wages of troops, 1700-1701. El Paso, ties to Junta de los Rios, 1700s, missions, presidio, names of troops, 1700. Diary 1706, Juan de Ulibarri de la Tornada, rescue of Picuris, trip to the Great Plains, Llanos, Quartalejo, St. Louis, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, peaceful Indian nations faithful to Spain. New Mexico, 1719, Jicarilla Apaches, campaign against Utes, Comanches. Jicarilla Apaches. 1720 proposal, New Mexico and Parral, settle Apaches in Valle de la Jicarilla, northern New Mexico, for protection from Utes, Comanches, establish presidio there, investigate French activity. Juan de Archibeque, 1719, first mention of Frenchman in Santa Fe, served as interpreter for Gov. Valverde Cosio. French near Santa Fe and allied to hostile Indians, posible attack. 1720 okay to send 25 most expert Santa Fe presidio soldiers, arms, families to Quartelejo - Cuartelejo, Great Plains, Llanos.. 1720 testimony of soldiers for Governor on location of new presidio, Valle de la Jicarilla in the North, protection from Utes and Commanches to the Northeast, Presidio, annual salary, there given tierras de labor, and missionaries for Apaches, peace with them. Report on trip to Quartelejo - Cuartelejo, 1720, to river dividing friendly Apaches from Apaches Panamas, allies of the French, 45 killed, including 11 Indian allies, Pedro de Villasur, 19 soldiers, one missionary, names given. Juan de Archibeque among them. Also request replace them with men with European military training, to teach locals defense selves from French, and establish a presidio at Cuartelejo; testimony, 1720 battlesite was on El Rio de Jesus Maria, 200 leagues Northeast of Santa Fe, at 38 or 39 north latitude. Make mission to Apaches, there to assist in defense against French and their Indians allies. Villasur massacre investigation 1726. French 1723, New Mexicans going to Louisiana for French goods, prohibited, contraband .
Reports, 1744, 1749, 1750, 1760, 1776, New Mexico missions, towns, conditions, government officials mistreat Indians. 1754 census of New Mexico. Report, Fray Agustin Morfi, 1777-1778, 1782, 1792, conditions, missions, settlers, towns, plants, animals, trade, geography. Letters, Fray Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, 1778, summary of history of prior years 1680s to 1778, conditions, missions of New Mexico. Hopi, report 1742, 1775-1780, post revolt conditions. Hopi, 1775 - 1780, missions, resettlement, description, families. Report on Navajo, 1744, Navajo missions, Encinal, Cebolleta, 1750. New Mexico, 1753, several Frenchmen had entered New Mexico, warning of spies, espionaje. French, 1753 rumor French coming with Comanches to Taos. New Mexico 1775-76, Indian attacks, crown provide aid, arms, horses, cavalry, supplies. King acknowledges aid of Comanche Indian allies against the Apaches, 1777. Juan Bautista de Anza, 1776-77, trips of Francisco Garces, Fray Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, Fray Francisco Atanasio Domínguez, Colorado River, Gila River. Laguna Pueblo, Hopi, Zuni Pueblo, white Europeans at Río del Tizón, Grand Canyon, west of Zuni. Distances and idea of road from New Mexico to Sonora, Arizona, and California; project disrupted by Apache attacks. (See also California, Sonora). Map, 1778, photostat, in parts, Bernardo Miera y Pacheco, greater New Mexico area. Anza and Cuerno Verde, Comanches, 1779. New Mexico, 1780, misions, custodias reorganized. Pope Inocencio XI, also Sonora, Chihuahua, California. Pedro Vial expeditions, 1787- 1792, from Santa Fe to Mississippi River, St. Louis, Missouri, Illinois, Louisiana, Texas, Nacodoches, Natchitoches, San Antonio de Bexar, Jumanos, includes map, diaries of José Mares, Santiago Fernandez, detailed. New Mexico, 1787, 6,000 pesos annual funds sent to New Mexico. Trade with Indians, 1787. Investigation of abuses by citizens in commerce with Comanches, Utes, Navajos. Gov. De Anza, 1787, approval of plan to separate two groups, Navajos and Apaches Gilenos. Santa Fe presidio, 1790, crown funds for barracks, war and peace efforts, Indian attacks, policy. 1790, New Mexico census, ages, classes, castas, occupation, society, family. Comanches, 1791, Spanish and Mescalero Apache allies attack the Comanches. Instructions on Indians of New Mexico, 1794, 1797, Gov. Concha to Gov. Chaco, conditions of each Indian group, society, geography, Pueblos, Navajos, Apaches, etc., detailed. New Mexico, econony, trade, 1795, no alcabala tax for ten years on fruit, products stimulate commerce.
New Mexico – places - Albuquerque, Atrisco, Chimayo, Cibola, Cieneguilla de Cochiti, Doña Ana, El Paso del Norte, Gran Quivira, Jornado del Muerto, Las Nutrias, Luis Lopez, Organ Mountains, Robledo, San Cristobal, San Juan de los Caballeros, Santa Cruz de la Cañada, Santa Fe, Sevilleta, Sierra Azul, Socorro, Teguayo, Tome. Apaches in New Mexico, Hopi, Oraibe, various towns, Navajo, Encinal, Cebolleta. Pueblos - Acoma, Alameda, Acomilla, Alamillo, Cochiti, Galisteo, Isleta, Jemez, Laguna, Nambe, Pecos , Picuris, Puaray, San Felipe, San Ildefonso, San Marcos, San Pascual, Sandia, Santa Ana, Santa Clara, Santo Domingo, Senecu, Taos, Zia, Zuni. Contact with: Great Plains, High Plains, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Louisiana, Texas. Ties to El Paso and northern Mexican provinces and towns.
U.S. Borderlands
California, Arizona - Monterrey, San Francisco. Juan Bautista de Anza, Sonora, 1744, discovery of Monterrey, California, via Colorado River, Gila River; Anza, 1768, Cerro Prieto, Seris, Pimas, Sonora, Arizona, California, 1775, 1776, 1782, Anza, trip to west coast, Rio Colorado, founding San Francisco, diary of Fray Pedro Font about California settlers. (See New Mexico). Juan Bautista de Anza, 1776-77, trips, diary of Francisco Garces, Fray Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, Fray Francisco Atanasio Domínguez, Rio Colorado. Laguna Pueblo, Hopi, Zuni Pueblo; white Europeans at Río del Tizón, Grand Canyon, west of Zuni, distances and idea of road from New Mexico to Sonora, Arizona, and California, project disrupted by Apache attacks.
Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Florida, Carolina, American colonies, United States - among the themes - Texas and Louisiana, Spanish and French counter claims, history to 1678, La Salle, etc. Possible route New Mexico to Texas. Texas, history 1689-1821, detailed, among the topics, entrada, diary of Gen. Domingo Terán;,missionary diaries, list of settlers for Texas; reports, description, geography, conditions, Indians, Apaches, missions, presidios, soldiers. 1715 Gran Quivira expedition. Texas cattle for Louisiana, French, Biloxi, Mississippi, Mobile, Alabama. Diary of Domingo Ramón, 1716. French in Coahuila and Texas, Bahia de Espiritu Santo. Diary of Juan Antonio de la Peña, Marques de Aguayo trip, 1721-22. San Antonio, 1729, families from Galicia, Canary Islands for Texas, Tlaxcalan Indian as examples to Indians gathered in missions in Texas. Texas, 1741, French built fort in Texas, by Gov. of New Orleans, Luis de San Denis, during time of Texas Gov. Manuel de Sandoval. 1752, warning French spies, entering Texas, as deserters. Apaches request a missionary, San Antonio de Bejar, 1749. Settlers to San Antonio from Canary Islands, 1750. Apache woman seeking refuge in Mission Concepcion, San Antonio de Bejar, 1756. Texas, San Agustin, 1757, prohibiting French Dedier y Masé plan bring in their Negro slaves and cattle. San Saba, 1759, protection of the missionaries and Christian Apaches, from attacks by Apache raiders. Texas, Trinity River, 1760, settlers, missions, Panaxas, Comanches, stop French, contraband; 1760. Florida to sell tar to New Orleans. San Antonio presidio soldiers not paid, 1761. Texas, 1766, aptain Rafael Martinez Pacheco, mistreatment of his soldiers in Texas, who took refuge in French presidio Nachitos. Diary of Fray Gaspar Jose de Soliz, visit to Texas missions, 1767-1768. Founding missions, towns, presidios, Apache attacks. San Saba, San Angel, Apache attacks, San Saba, killed padres, destroyed mission, 1758. Indian prisoners, testimony, 1764. Indian allies help Spanish defend San Saba, Spanish captured a Comanche Indian spy, and an Indian woman Yojuana and daughter. Supplies and troops sent to support the presidio, San Saba, 1767. White Frenchmen or English seen among the Indians attacking the Spanish settlement and mission. Hugo O'Conor, 1773, comandante, inspections. Report of English seen among Indians barbaros of Texas. Croix, Morfi, trip to Texas, conditions, 1777-78. Texas, 1784 trade permitted between Texas and Louisiana, recommendation of Croix.
Florida - among themes - history from 1689-1778, Gulf coast, Mississippi River to Florida. French, Spanish, English, pirates, Pensacola, Bahía del Espíritu Santo, Saint Augustine. Settlement, defense, presidios, communications with Cuba, Veracruz, fleet. 1670s, French, English attacks, Spanish aid, troops to Florida, fortifications, Apalache, San Agustin. Florida, 1680, gifts for Indians, wages, Indian allies. Florida, 1698 Spanish families to Pensacola, also families from Martinica, Isla Española y Guadalupe, Veracruz. Fleet, to defend port; peace with France 1701, trade with France. 1704 English pirates attack Apalache, destroy it, kill and capture Spanish and Christian Apalache Indians. 1704 vagagbonds from Mexico City sent to settle in Florida. France, Spanish trade policy on French goods, on again, off again prohibition, 1711, 1723. French and English Alliance. Florida 1716 moving the location of fort. Florida 1719, efforts to keep Indians allied to Spanish, in defense of Florida. 1719-21, French occupation of Florida, Pensacola. Conditions in Pensacola, 1725. Supplies for Texas settlers, farming, 1733. Florida, 1739 peace between Spanish and Indians of Florida – Kaovitas. Florida, Pensacola, 1787, construction two forts, San Carlos, Santa Rosa. Florida, 1791, aid to men, families of San Agustin, in Havana, Matanzas, Campeche, who want to return to settle Florida, restore to them land had before left, given mercedes de labor and a Negro slave to each settler. Florida and Gulf Coast and Treaty, 1795. Order to Spanish no need employ troops or money fighting the United States, since American colonies signed peace treaty with Spain. Mississippi River, Rio Grande, 1795, suspend explorations, mouth of river, due to treaty with United States, adjoining boundaries. 1796 treaty with Spain, friendship, boundary limits, navegation Mississippi. Fears of Gov. of Louisiana about treaty, U.S. American colonies, actions, ideas. Talleyrand tells Spanish Ambassador of English intentions to take over Spanish Louisiana and Florida, warning to Havana. Carolina - Scottish settlers on Santa Catalina Island, removed by Spanish, 1699; 1705, 1708. Spanish sent to dislodge English and Indian allies from Carolina, San Jorge; Carolina, 1729. French governor, New Orleans, advised Spanish of plan of English in Carolina to attack Florida, secret alliance of Spain and France against England and Germany. Carolina, 1739, determination of boundaries between English Carolina and Spanish Florida.
Louisiana - Alabama - among the themes - French in Mobile, Alabama, 1705. Defending coast from English attack. New Orleans prosperity in 1727. Louisiana horses, mules from Texas, Florida to sell tar to New Orleans. Peace Treaty of Paris, 1762, Mississippi divides Spanish and English territory, England gets Mobile, France keeps New Orleans, Spain gets Cuba, 1765 Louisiana to Spain, but treated as a separate colony, different regulations, trade, funding, appointment of officials, government, missions, Indian policy. Ursaline sisters, teachers, interpreters, etc. 1776 Louisiana trade with Veracruz and Tabasco, 1777 Galves sets price of tobacco in Louisiana, snuff. Spain. 1779, royal orders to send forces to recover Mobile, Alabama, Pensacola, Florida from English, defense of Mexican coast. Louisiana 1784, trade permitted between Louisiana and Texas, recommendation of Croix. Louisiana, 1786, King approves reply Gov. Miro gave Commisario - Delegate of State of Georgia, United States. Mississippi River, 1786, ships trading with Louisiana are not todraw more than 12.5 feet Franceses - depth of entrance river, mouth. Louisiana 1791, Viceroy calculates costs of project, construct of buoys for safety of the shipping channel, New Orleans, Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico. Louisiana and Florida, 1786, plan efforts to conserve friendly Indian alliances, because United States trying to make them enemies of Spain, Louisiana, 1788, money sent after fire in New Orleans. Treaty, 1795, order to Spanish no need employ troops or money fighting the United States, since signed peace treaty with Spain, American colonies; Mississippi River, Rio Grande, 1795, suspend explorations, mouth of river, due to treaty with United States, American colonies, adjoining boundaries. United States, 1796, treaty with Spain, friendship, boundary limits, navegation Mississippi. Fears of Gov. of Louisiana about treaty, American colonies, actions, ideas. Talleyrand tells Spanish ambassador of English intentions to take over Spanish Louisiana and Florida, warning to Havana.
Places - Texas, El Paso, San Lorenzo, Guadalupe, Isleta, Socorro, San Francisco, Salineta, Bahia de Espiritu Santo, San Antonio de Bejar, Dolores, San Saba, etc. New France, Louisiana, New Orleans, St. Louis, Mississippi River, Alabama, Beloxi, Mobile, Carolina. Fl Alabama, American Colonies, United States, Caribbean, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico.
Peru, Philippines - some documents also include these areas.
Discovery of Monterrey, California, from New Mexico via Colorado River, Gila River. Fray Francisco Garces, San Xavier, 1765. Juan Bautista de Anza, 1768, Cerro Prieto, Seris, Pimas. Sonora, Arizona, California, 1775, 1776, 1782, trip to west coast, founding San Francisco. Diary of Fray Pedro Font about California settlers. Sonora, 1782, Pedro Fages, Yuma Revolt, Pictic, casualties. Provincias Internas created, 1792, comandante independent of the viceroy, in Chihuaha, Pedro de Nava. California, Nuevo Leon y Santander pertain to viceroy. Pedro Rivera, trip 1724-29, 1736 diary published in Guatemala, inspection, conditions, recommendations presidios, detailed, northern New Spain, including New Mexico. New regulations for presidios, 1773, Croix, LaFora, Rubi, Provincias Internas, 1795. Plan for 33 Indian nations from the North America who want to settle in Spanish territory, plans for relocation, treaty with the United States, American colonies. Indian barbaros, prisoners of war from Provincias Internas sent to Havana, Cuba. Guaymas, reports, diaries, 1769-1770, Jose Antonio Vildosola, Juan Manuel Roman, Diego Peirán. Map, 1792, Sierra Gorda, coast, Queretaro to Bahia del Espiritu Santo.
Jesuit papers, 1681-1759, 51 cases across New Spain, some letters from Europe, causes against, discipline, withdrawals, dismissals, expulsions, in Spanish, some in Latin, individuals are name, reason for leaving the religious order, personal problems, lack of vocation, scandalous conduct, seeing women, desire to marry, health, anxiety, insanity, desire to transfer to another college, place, assignment, problems of teachers with students, insults, problems cause near suicide; a study of Europeans - peninsulares and criolles, differences between them as religious, clergy; Jesuits, 1693-1700s, reports, land discovered by the Jesuitas, martyrs, soldier escorts, Sonora, missions. Juan Mateo Manje. Juan Domingo Xironza Petriz de Cruzate.
Other - Negro slaves, 1704, French Guinea Company, permit bring in slaves from Minas y Cabo Verde, to Peru, New Spain, previously prohibited. Negro slaves, 1731, English company supplying slaves to New Spain.
Places - New Spain, Mexico - Arispe, Arizona, Campeche, Carrizal, Casas Grandes, Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Guaymas, Horcacitas, Jalisco, Junta de los Rios, Monclova, Nueva Extremadura, Nueva Galicia, Nueva Vizcaya, Nuevas Filipinas, Nuevo Leon, Nuevo Santander, Nuevo Toledo, Parral, Pictic, Queretaro, San Xavier, Saltillo, Sierra Gorda, Sinaloa, Sombrerete, Sonora, Veracruz, Zacatecas. Provincias Internas, Colorado River, Gila River.
Caribbean, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico - Cuba, Caribbean warning, 1699, French armada plan establish business in Jamaica, Bermuda, Barbados, San Cristobal, possible attach on Islands. Cuba, Havana, defense, English, Dutch, 1703, contraband. Denmark, Santo Tomas island, 1721. Cuba, 1780-90, defense, English, supplies to Florida, Louisiana, etc. 1798-99, Indian barbaros prisoners of war from Provincias Internas sent to Havana.
New Mexico - among the themes - report, Fray Jeronimo de Salmeron, 1538-1625, conditions missions, colony; Virrey, 1635, propose a Bishop for New Mexico. Letters, Santa Fe 1638, Francisco Gomez about padres attempting to control the colony, mistreating Spanish and Indians, and Apache attacks, Governor Luis Rosas, Quivira. Apache attacks on New Mexico, 1653. Inquisition, inquiries, cases in which the Inquisition exercised jurisdiction in New Mexico, Texas, Louisiana and Florida, 1661-1807. Gov. Diego de Peñalosa, 1678, exiled by Inquisition, in Paris, France, proposed to England an expedition to Quivira.
Pueblo Revolt, causes, plan, leaders of the revolt are named, Pope, Zaca, Tagu, Francisco, Alonso Catiti, Luis Tupatu, Pedro de Naranjo, shamans. Pueblos participating named, not all took part; rebel Indians killed other Indians if did not participate in the revolt, fear among the Indians; testimony of Indians about events. Indians burned churches because Spanish burned their kivas, attacked their religion, persistence of idolatry, devil, kivas, kachinas, etc; Spanish investigations of the revolt causes. Indians destroyed churches to bring a better life and good harvests. Spaniards - who Indians said caused the revolt - hatred for Francisco Xavier, Luis de Quintana, Diego Lopez de Zambrano - for destroying kivas and these accused men’s defenses of themselves. Indians also noted causes of rebellions prior to 1680, punishments of Indians, etc. Pueblo attacks on Spanish haciendas, estancias, churches, death of padres and citizens, capture of some women, children and mulatos, Negro. Spanish find the ruins, human remains, sacred objects. Pueblo’s planned ambushes of Spanish. Siege of Santa Fe, actions of Governor Otermin, cabildo, retreat from Santa Fe. Lt. Gen. Alonso de Garcia, gathering of Spanish in Rio Abajo, Isleta, Piros. Indian rebels planned ambush at Isleta for helping Spanish. Isleta, rebels surround village, plan to attack Isleta, kill elderly, sell women and children to Apaches. Spanish peaceful treatment and protection of Isleta - example to other villages to make peace. Movement of refugee settlers to El Paso, cabildo, testimony of Spaniards about events, determination to return to New Mexico after revolt, conditions, suffering, weather, other factors. Nicolas de Vargas, Negro, in administration of Gov. Otermin, made proclamations, 1681. Fray Francisco de Ayeta, aid to colonists, supplies, reports on revolt, casualties, conditions in New Mexico; carretas, carros, troops, arms, horse, cattle for New Mexico, El Paso - place for colonists, conditions, presidio troops help New Mexico, supplies from other provinces, expeditions to New Mexico. Raid by Sumas, Apaches, resettling Sumas in a mission, establishing Isleta, Socorro, etc. Apache stealing cattle from Spanish, El Paso, Isleta del Sur, 1682. Apaches, allied with Pueblos; while Pueblos away, Apaches raided and burned some Pueblo villages; fear of Apaches helped Pueblos decide to accept return of Spanish, who would defend them. Pope had ordered Pueblos to leave the villages, destroy all Spanish things, animals, crops, had left them homeless and hungry. Spanish destroyed some Indian villages, supplies, to force Pueblos to surrender; Spanish post-revolt visits to New Mexico, events, conditions, pueblos, peace efforts, Spanish forgiving, pardon of the Pueblos. Pueblos, use of smoke signals, fires, during revolt era. Impact of revolt on Pueblos, lost harvests, grain, suffering, case of San Ildefonso, 1694.
Juan Dominguez de Mendoza, 1683-1684, report on trip to Texas at request of Texas Indians, no Texan historian had mentioned trip, only Padre Alonso de Posada of New Mexico. Report, Fray Antonio de Posada, 1686, Quivira, Teguayo, Cibola, Great Plains. R report of Toribio de la Huerta, 1689, conquistador of New Mexico, Sonora, Sinaloa, Gran Quivira, view of conditions, return to New Mexico, azogue, Sierra Azul, Hopi, Zuni, Huerta’s request resettle New Mexico, with title Marquesado of lands from El Paso to Taos. Views of Hopi area, almagre, azogue mines, vermillion, 1691, Sierra Azul, iron mine, Hopi, use of azogue as paint and medicine for eyes in winter. De Vargas - at El Paso, questions of tribute, encomiendas for New Mexico, 1692 gathers supplies and men from Nueva Vizcaya, Parral, their names, gathers Indian allies from El Paso area, for the entrada. Re-occupation of New Mexico, actions, diary of De Vargas 1692-1693, events from time left El Paso to arrival in Santa Fe. Conditions, suffering of New Mexico refugees, 1693 census of the settlers for New Mexico at El Paso, lists of settlers going to New Mexico, 1693, 1694. De Vargas to returning settlers, 15 regulations, requirements for the resettlement, return to New Mexico. Return to Santa Fe, resettlement, Santa Fe cabildo asked for aid for widows and sick. Pueblos, some Indians were allies of the Spanish, assisted them in the reoccupation, wrote, spoke Spanish. Supplies for New Mexico from Zacatecas, Parral, Durango, Somberete, cloths, tools, iron, equipment, corn, cattle, medicine, lead, shot, powder, money. Conditions, 1694, suffering. Supplies from provinces of Northern Mexico for colony. Pecos Pueblo, 1694, special privileges to Pecos Indians from Viceroy, for loyalty, merits, helping the padres and Spanish in the recovery of New Mexico. De Vargas, 1695, long report on establishing new towns, Santa Cruz. Apaches, 1695, and French, on the Great Plains, Apaches near Picuris; Apache attacks in New Mexico, Pueblos, Spanish, 1696.
Report on presidios, Santa Fe, El Paso, names and wages of troops, 1700-1701. El Paso, ties to Junta de los Rios, 1700s, missions, presidio, names of troops, 1700. Diary 1706, Juan de Ulibarri de la Tornada, rescue of Picuris, trip to the Great Plains, Llanos, Quartalejo, St. Louis, Missouri, Kansas, Colorado, New Mexico, peaceful Indian nations faithful to Spain. New Mexico, 1719, Jicarilla Apaches, campaign against Utes, Comanches. Jicarilla Apaches. 1720 proposal, New Mexico and Parral, settle Apaches in Valle de la Jicarilla, northern New Mexico, for protection from Utes, Comanches, establish presidio there, investigate French activity. Juan de Archibeque, 1719, first mention of Frenchman in Santa Fe, served as interpreter for Gov. Valverde Cosio. French near Santa Fe and allied to hostile Indians, posible attack. 1720 okay to send 25 most expert Santa Fe presidio soldiers, arms, families to Quartelejo - Cuartelejo, Great Plains, Llanos.. 1720 testimony of soldiers for Governor on location of new presidio, Valle de la Jicarilla in the North, protection from Utes and Commanches to the Northeast, Presidio, annual salary, there given tierras de labor, and missionaries for Apaches, peace with them. Report on trip to Quartelejo - Cuartelejo, 1720, to river dividing friendly Apaches from Apaches Panamas, allies of the French, 45 killed, including 11 Indian allies, Pedro de Villasur, 19 soldiers, one missionary, names given. Juan de Archibeque among them. Also request replace them with men with European military training, to teach locals defense selves from French, and establish a presidio at Cuartelejo; testimony, 1720 battlesite was on El Rio de Jesus Maria, 200 leagues Northeast of Santa Fe, at 38 or 39 north latitude. Make mission to Apaches, there to assist in defense against French and their Indians allies. Villasur massacre investigation 1726. French 1723, New Mexicans going to Louisiana for French goods, prohibited, contraband .
Reports, 1744, 1749, 1750, 1760, 1776, New Mexico missions, towns, conditions, government officials mistreat Indians. 1754 census of New Mexico. Report, Fray Agustin Morfi, 1777-1778, 1782, 1792, conditions, missions, settlers, towns, plants, animals, trade, geography. Letters, Fray Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, 1778, summary of history of prior years 1680s to 1778, conditions, missions of New Mexico. Hopi, report 1742, 1775-1780, post revolt conditions. Hopi, 1775 - 1780, missions, resettlement, description, families. Report on Navajo, 1744, Navajo missions, Encinal, Cebolleta, 1750. New Mexico, 1753, several Frenchmen had entered New Mexico, warning of spies, espionaje. French, 1753 rumor French coming with Comanches to Taos. New Mexico 1775-76, Indian attacks, crown provide aid, arms, horses, cavalry, supplies. King acknowledges aid of Comanche Indian allies against the Apaches, 1777. Juan Bautista de Anza, 1776-77, trips of Francisco Garces, Fray Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, Fray Francisco Atanasio Domínguez, Colorado River, Gila River. Laguna Pueblo, Hopi, Zuni Pueblo, white Europeans at Río del Tizón, Grand Canyon, west of Zuni. Distances and idea of road from New Mexico to Sonora, Arizona, and California; project disrupted by Apache attacks. (See also California, Sonora). Map, 1778, photostat, in parts, Bernardo Miera y Pacheco, greater New Mexico area. Anza and Cuerno Verde, Comanches, 1779. New Mexico, 1780, misions, custodias reorganized. Pope Inocencio XI, also Sonora, Chihuahua, California. Pedro Vial expeditions, 1787- 1792, from Santa Fe to Mississippi River, St. Louis, Missouri, Illinois, Louisiana, Texas, Nacodoches, Natchitoches, San Antonio de Bexar, Jumanos, includes map, diaries of José Mares, Santiago Fernandez, detailed. New Mexico, 1787, 6,000 pesos annual funds sent to New Mexico. Trade with Indians, 1787. Investigation of abuses by citizens in commerce with Comanches, Utes, Navajos. Gov. De Anza, 1787, approval of plan to separate two groups, Navajos and Apaches Gilenos. Santa Fe presidio, 1790, crown funds for barracks, war and peace efforts, Indian attacks, policy. 1790, New Mexico census, ages, classes, castas, occupation, society, family. Comanches, 1791, Spanish and Mescalero Apache allies attack the Comanches. Instructions on Indians of New Mexico, 1794, 1797, Gov. Concha to Gov. Chaco, conditions of each Indian group, society, geography, Pueblos, Navajos, Apaches, etc., detailed. New Mexico, econony, trade, 1795, no alcabala tax for ten years on fruit, products stimulate commerce.
New Mexico – places - Albuquerque, Atrisco, Chimayo, Cibola, Cieneguilla de Cochiti, Doña Ana, El Paso del Norte, Gran Quivira, Jornado del Muerto, Las Nutrias, Luis Lopez, Organ Mountains, Robledo, San Cristobal, San Juan de los Caballeros, Santa Cruz de la Cañada, Santa Fe, Sevilleta, Sierra Azul, Socorro, Teguayo, Tome. Apaches in New Mexico, Hopi, Oraibe, various towns, Navajo, Encinal, Cebolleta. Pueblos - Acoma, Alameda, Acomilla, Alamillo, Cochiti, Galisteo, Isleta, Jemez, Laguna, Nambe, Pecos , Picuris, Puaray, San Felipe, San Ildefonso, San Marcos, San Pascual, Sandia, Santa Ana, Santa Clara, Santo Domingo, Senecu, Taos, Zia, Zuni. Contact with: Great Plains, High Plains, Colorado, Kansas, Missouri, Illinois, Louisiana, Texas. Ties to El Paso and northern Mexican provinces and towns.
U.S. Borderlands
California, Arizona - Monterrey, San Francisco. Juan Bautista de Anza, Sonora, 1744, discovery of Monterrey, California, via Colorado River, Gila River; Anza, 1768, Cerro Prieto, Seris, Pimas, Sonora, Arizona, California, 1775, 1776, 1782, Anza, trip to west coast, Rio Colorado, founding San Francisco, diary of Fray Pedro Font about California settlers. (See New Mexico). Juan Bautista de Anza, 1776-77, trips, diary of Francisco Garces, Fray Silvestre Vélez de Escalante, Fray Francisco Atanasio Domínguez, Rio Colorado. Laguna Pueblo, Hopi, Zuni Pueblo; white Europeans at Río del Tizón, Grand Canyon, west of Zuni, distances and idea of road from New Mexico to Sonora, Arizona, and California, project disrupted by Apache attacks.
Texas, Louisiana, Alabama, Florida, Carolina, American colonies, United States - among the themes - Texas and Louisiana, Spanish and French counter claims, history to 1678, La Salle, etc. Possible route New Mexico to Texas. Texas, history 1689-1821, detailed, among the topics, entrada, diary of Gen. Domingo Terán;,missionary diaries, list of settlers for Texas; reports, description, geography, conditions, Indians, Apaches, missions, presidios, soldiers. 1715 Gran Quivira expedition. Texas cattle for Louisiana, French, Biloxi, Mississippi, Mobile, Alabama. Diary of Domingo Ramón, 1716. French in Coahuila and Texas, Bahia de Espiritu Santo. Diary of Juan Antonio de la Peña, Marques de Aguayo trip, 1721-22. San Antonio, 1729, families from Galicia, Canary Islands for Texas, Tlaxcalan Indian as examples to Indians gathered in missions in Texas. Texas, 1741, French built fort in Texas, by Gov. of New Orleans, Luis de San Denis, during time of Texas Gov. Manuel de Sandoval. 1752, warning French spies, entering Texas, as deserters. Apaches request a missionary, San Antonio de Bejar, 1749. Settlers to San Antonio from Canary Islands, 1750. Apache woman seeking refuge in Mission Concepcion, San Antonio de Bejar, 1756. Texas, San Agustin, 1757, prohibiting French Dedier y Masé plan bring in their Negro slaves and cattle. San Saba, 1759, protection of the missionaries and Christian Apaches, from attacks by Apache raiders. Texas, Trinity River, 1760, settlers, missions, Panaxas, Comanches, stop French, contraband; 1760. Florida to sell tar to New Orleans. San Antonio presidio soldiers not paid, 1761. Texas, 1766, aptain Rafael Martinez Pacheco, mistreatment of his soldiers in Texas, who took refuge in French presidio Nachitos. Diary of Fray Gaspar Jose de Soliz, visit to Texas missions, 1767-1768. Founding missions, towns, presidios, Apache attacks. San Saba, San Angel, Apache attacks, San Saba, killed padres, destroyed mission, 1758. Indian prisoners, testimony, 1764. Indian allies help Spanish defend San Saba, Spanish captured a Comanche Indian spy, and an Indian woman Yojuana and daughter. Supplies and troops sent to support the presidio, San Saba, 1767. White Frenchmen or English seen among the Indians attacking the Spanish settlement and mission. Hugo O'Conor, 1773, comandante, inspections. Report of English seen among Indians barbaros of Texas. Croix, Morfi, trip to Texas, conditions, 1777-78. Texas, 1784 trade permitted between Texas and Louisiana, recommendation of Croix.
Florida - among themes - history from 1689-1778, Gulf coast, Mississippi River to Florida. French, Spanish, English, pirates, Pensacola, Bahía del Espíritu Santo, Saint Augustine. Settlement, defense, presidios, communications with Cuba, Veracruz, fleet. 1670s, French, English attacks, Spanish aid, troops to Florida, fortifications, Apalache, San Agustin. Florida, 1680, gifts for Indians, wages, Indian allies. Florida, 1698 Spanish families to Pensacola, also families from Martinica, Isla Española y Guadalupe, Veracruz. Fleet, to defend port; peace with France 1701, trade with France. 1704 English pirates attack Apalache, destroy it, kill and capture Spanish and Christian Apalache Indians. 1704 vagagbonds from Mexico City sent to settle in Florida. France, Spanish trade policy on French goods, on again, off again prohibition, 1711, 1723. French and English Alliance. Florida 1716 moving the location of fort. Florida 1719, efforts to keep Indians allied to Spanish, in defense of Florida. 1719-21, French occupation of Florida, Pensacola. Conditions in Pensacola, 1725. Supplies for Texas settlers, farming, 1733. Florida, 1739 peace between Spanish and Indians of Florida – Kaovitas. Florida, Pensacola, 1787, construction two forts, San Carlos, Santa Rosa. Florida, 1791, aid to men, families of San Agustin, in Havana, Matanzas, Campeche, who want to return to settle Florida, restore to them land had before left, given mercedes de labor and a Negro slave to each settler. Florida and Gulf Coast and Treaty, 1795. Order to Spanish no need employ troops or money fighting the United States, since American colonies signed peace treaty with Spain. Mississippi River, Rio Grande, 1795, suspend explorations, mouth of river, due to treaty with United States, adjoining boundaries. 1796 treaty with Spain, friendship, boundary limits, navegation Mississippi. Fears of Gov. of Louisiana about treaty, U.S. American colonies, actions, ideas. Talleyrand tells Spanish Ambassador of English intentions to take over Spanish Louisiana and Florida, warning to Havana. Carolina - Scottish settlers on Santa Catalina Island, removed by Spanish, 1699; 1705, 1708. Spanish sent to dislodge English and Indian allies from Carolina, San Jorge; Carolina, 1729. French governor, New Orleans, advised Spanish of plan of English in Carolina to attack Florida, secret alliance of Spain and France against England and Germany. Carolina, 1739, determination of boundaries between English Carolina and Spanish Florida.
Louisiana - Alabama - among the themes - French in Mobile, Alabama, 1705. Defending coast from English attack. New Orleans prosperity in 1727. Louisiana horses, mules from Texas, Florida to sell tar to New Orleans. Peace Treaty of Paris, 1762, Mississippi divides Spanish and English territory, England gets Mobile, France keeps New Orleans, Spain gets Cuba, 1765 Louisiana to Spain, but treated as a separate colony, different regulations, trade, funding, appointment of officials, government, missions, Indian policy. Ursaline sisters, teachers, interpreters, etc. 1776 Louisiana trade with Veracruz and Tabasco, 1777 Galves sets price of tobacco in Louisiana, snuff. Spain. 1779, royal orders to send forces to recover Mobile, Alabama, Pensacola, Florida from English, defense of Mexican coast. Louisiana 1784, trade permitted between Louisiana and Texas, recommendation of Croix. Louisiana, 1786, King approves reply Gov. Miro gave Commisario - Delegate of State of Georgia, United States. Mississippi River, 1786, ships trading with Louisiana are not todraw more than 12.5 feet Franceses - depth of entrance river, mouth. Louisiana 1791, Viceroy calculates costs of project, construct of buoys for safety of the shipping channel, New Orleans, Louisiana, Gulf of Mexico. Louisiana and Florida, 1786, plan efforts to conserve friendly Indian alliances, because United States trying to make them enemies of Spain, Louisiana, 1788, money sent after fire in New Orleans. Treaty, 1795, order to Spanish no need employ troops or money fighting the United States, since signed peace treaty with Spain, American colonies; Mississippi River, Rio Grande, 1795, suspend explorations, mouth of river, due to treaty with United States, American colonies, adjoining boundaries. United States, 1796, treaty with Spain, friendship, boundary limits, navegation Mississippi. Fears of Gov. of Louisiana about treaty, American colonies, actions, ideas. Talleyrand tells Spanish ambassador of English intentions to take over Spanish Louisiana and Florida, warning to Havana.
Places - Texas, El Paso, San Lorenzo, Guadalupe, Isleta, Socorro, San Francisco, Salineta, Bahia de Espiritu Santo, San Antonio de Bejar, Dolores, San Saba, etc. New France, Louisiana, New Orleans, St. Louis, Mississippi River, Alabama, Beloxi, Mobile, Carolina. Fl Alabama, American Colonies, United States, Caribbean, Cuba, Jamaica, Puerto Rico.
Peru, Philippines - some documents also include these areas.
Dates
- 1529–1807
Language of Materials
From the Collection:
English, Spanish, French, Mayan, Latin
Access Restrictions
The collection is open for research.
Extent
From the Collection: 23 boxes (16.5 cu. ft.), 267 volumes, 322 microfilm reels (masters in cabinets), 322 CDs
General
Detailed Finding Aid (pdf) Reels noted in this detailed finding aid have been transferred to DVDs using same item numbers as reels.
Creator
- From the Collection: Bloom, Lansing Bartlett, 1880- (Person)
Repository Details
Part of the UNM Center for Southwest Research & Special Collections Repository
Contact:
University of New Mexico Center for Southwest Research & Special Collections
University Libraries, MSC05 3020
1 University of New Mexico
Albuquerque NM 87131
505-277-6451
cswrref@unm.edu
University of New Mexico Center for Southwest Research & Special Collections
University Libraries, MSC05 3020
1 University of New Mexico
Albuquerque NM 87131
505-277-6451
cswrref@unm.edu